Welcome to THE GL@ZINE News 8th October 2002

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The Bombay Sapphire Prize: Glass Bridge Wins Major Design Award

Designer Thomas Heatherwick was announced on September 26th as the £15,000 winner of The Bombay Sapphire Prize for excellence and innovation in glass design for his spectacular Glass Bridge.

The Prize-winning design (pictured right) - Glass Bridge - is a seven metre bridge to be set over water and has been commissioned by Chelsfield for Paddington Basin in London.

The Thomas Heatherwick Studio had worked alongside engineer Anthony Hunt since 1995 researching into the feasibility of building a bridge made only in glass, using advanced adhesives but no other supporting material, fixings or cables.

The deck of the bridge contains pieces of water-cut glass, set on edge and laminated together to form the arch of the bridge. Handrails are made of sheets of annealed glass.The bridge is lit from within by lights set inside each end of the span transmitting light along the length of the bridge.

One of the judges - international designer Tom Dixon - commented on the winning design, 'The Glass Bridge is simply an outstanding example of design innovation both in terms of its structure and the technical use of glass. It is also rare in public art for something as daring as this to be commissioned. It's great that Heatherwick has won this award - I can't wait to see it built.'

Award winners in the categories of Glass in Art and Glass in Design were Chiho Hitomi for Rings (pictured right) - a hanging sculpture made from chains of very fine lead crystal rings - and Tord Boontje for his Dragonfly and Bird vessels, The Wednesday Collection and Wall Flowers. Both received awards of £2,500.

Click here for full story and more pictures (including the rather interesting 'Double Ended Glass Dildo by glamorous glass artiste Shiri Zinn from South Africa!).


Local Architects Shine in RIBA Small Projects Prize

The five winners of this year's Downland Prize for Architects, announced on 1st October, include a glass cube which overhangs a cliff (pictured); a house inspired by the shape of a snail; and a museum for classic cars.

Run by RIBA South East and sponsored by lbstock Brick Ltd, the Downland Prize is awarded to architects who are based in the South or South East of England for small projects (under £500,000 total cost).

The winners are:

Overall winner: Harry Groucott + Michael Ford, Miller Hughes Associates Ltd, Chichester: Woodpeckers, Amberley - cliff-hanging extension to conventional bungalow. Click here for details and more pictures.

Commended: Neill Beasley, The Genesis Design Studio, Romsey: CDT/ICT block, Stanbridge Earls School, Romsey - timber-framed open-plan workshop and classroom for children with special needs
Commended: Rupert Cook, architecture plb, Winchester: The Barn, Drayton St Leonard, Wallingford - headquarters of the Aston Martin Owners' Club in Grade II* building formerly used for seaweed extraction.

Commended: Andrew Dyke, Cresswell, Cuttle + Dyke, St Peter Port: L'Escargot, Forest - new-build house with free-form spiral plan. Click here for details (pictures to follow).

Commended: Richard Johnson, Oliver Cunningham, Rodney Graham, Design Engine, Winchester: House in Worthy Lane, Winchester - extension of Victorian town house for couple working at home with family.

The winning entries and shortlisted projects - 21 in all, out of 78 entries - could be seen at the Downland Prize exhibition in Gallery 2, RIBA, 66 Portland Place, London W1 from 1 to 5 October.
The judges, comprising architects and representatives of lbstock Brick noted the high quality use of materials and craftsmanship coupled with particularly innovative thinking. Bob Rathmill, Chairman of the judges of the Downland Prize and Chairman of RlBA South East, said: 'People sometimes forget that locally-based architects design buildings which have as much 'wow factor' as the major, well-known projects. Many of the architects who live and work in our local towns and villages are doing exciting, pleasing work.'

The Downland Prize for Architects has been awarded annually since 1998 to a Chartered Architect based in the areas covered by RlBA South or RlBA South East whose nominated building is considered to best demonstrate the value of using the skills of an architect in the design and execution of a low cost project.

Tel: 01892 515 878
Email: mailti:info@ribasoutheast.org
Web: http://www.architecture.com


Glassex on Target to Continue Success for 2003

The organisers of Glassex, the showcase for the UK window, door and conservatory industry, are reporting excellent stand sales to all sectors of the market for the next event, which will take place from 23rd to 26th March 2003 inclusive in Halls 17, 18 and 19 of the NEC, Birmingham. Six months ahead of the event, over 75% of exhibition space has been allocated to 125 exhibitors. This corresponds with the same period last year in the build up for the 2002 Glassex, which was widely regarded by exhibitors as one of the most successful ever.

A number of familiar names have returned for 2003, together with a line up of new exhibitors bringing services and products that have never been seen at Glassex previously. Rehau, HW, Eurocell and Selecta are amongst the PVCu systems suppliers taking part, with big brands from the hardware sector Avocet, Mila, Winlock, Laird, Reth and Winkhaus already ensuring a strong representation. In line with the market, there will be a large number of exhibitors showing conservatory systems and conservatory related products and services.

A key reason for most visitors to attend any exhibition - to find new products and suppliers - should be satisfied at Glassex 2003. During the summer months alone around a dozen brand new names signed contracts to appear at Glassex, including aluminium extruders, machinery suppliers, access safety specialists and conservatory equipment distributors. Of key interest is that a third of these new exhibitors are from overseas.

Many of the popular visitor initiatives introduced for 2002 - which drew 7% more visitors over the previous year - will be repeated for 2003. The New Products Zone was declared by visitors to be the most popular promotion, ensuring its repeat next March. A full seminar programme, presented by top speakers on the key glass and glazing industry topics of the day, will also be one of the features to return.

Following the principle that business can indeed be mixed with pleasure, there are also plans to inject fun into the event; although details have yet to be revealed the organisers hint that it will be 'in keeping with this year's promotional theme' for which advertisements bear the slogan 'Can Glassex Deliver? You Can Bet On It!'

Chris Keller, Event Director for Glassex is very confident that the success of 2002 will be repeated:

'Glassex 2002 was incredibly successful with exhibitors and visitors alike - there was a tremendous buzz about the place and we will be doing everything to ensure this will happen again. Of course we can't see into the future but the feel for next year's Glassex is the same, if not even more enthusiastic.'

Tel: 0208 277 5000
Email: mailto:nikki.lazenby@emap.com
Web: http://www.glassex.com


Solaglas acquires Windowcare

On 7th October 2002 Solaglas (part of the worldwide Saint-Gobain Group) announced the success of its bid to acquire 100% of the share capital of Windowcare UK.

Both companies operate national 24-hour door and window replacement or repair services for households and businesses, mainly on a partnership basis through insurance companies and insurance service providers.

The Solaglas Replacement Glazing ('SRG') division specialises in the emergency replacement of glass, locks and garage doors, whilst Windowcare, a privately owned business based in Rotherham, South Yorkshire, has particular expertise in the repair of PVC, aluminium and timber frames.

The combination of these specialist skills across the two organisations will enable the merged business to provide complete service and coverage across the UK for insurance companies, insurance service providers and facilities management businesses - all of whom need emergency replacement or repair of windows and doors.

The merged business will employ over 300 staff, with a fleet of field engineers covering the whole of the UK 24 hours a day. Current Windowcare owners Mel Thompson and Ian Davy will be staying on as Chief Executive and Managing Director respectively.

Mel Thompson said, 'There are obvious synergies between Windowcare and Solaglas - Solaglas specialising in glass, and Windowcare in frame repair. This move will allow us to offer a complete national service to insurance companies, who are demanding increasingly high levels of service from their suppliers. The backing of the Saint-Gobain Group will ensure that we have the investment needed to meet their exacting standards in terms of both speed of service and quality. Our aim is to create the best business in this sector of the market.'

Contact:
Nadine Matthews at Solaglas on 024 7654 7540
Alan Martin at Windowcare on 07900 820878


Pilkington Planar™ Supplied for the Winter Garden, New York

A towering wall of Pilkington Planar™, supplied by Pilkington Architectural to its American customer, W & W Glass Systems Inc, was the first step in the rebirth of the 11th September attack site in New York, central to the reconstruction of the stunning Winter Garden structure.


The 18m high by 34m wide wall forms the new façade of the Winter Garden, the celebrated glass dome, designed as the centrepiece of the World Financial Centre. Its original façade of Canadian granite and the bridge that linked it to the World Trade Centre across West Street, were both destroyed in the terrorist attack that brought down the twin towers. The new glazed façade is seen as the most critical element in the £34 million renovation.

The wall of double-glazed Pilkington Planar™ uses panels of 12mm Pilkington Optiwhite™ with 6mm Pilkington K Glass™ and 15mm Pilkington Optifloat™ Clear with 14mm laminated Pilkington K Glass™, backed by 19mm Pilkington Optifloat™ Clear fins.

Architects, Cesar Pelli and Associates, who also designed the original award-winning building, wanted the façade to 'create a sense of opening and entry, space and light'. The Winter Garden was, and is now again, the largest public space at the World Financial Centre. It was created as a grand glass public hall with a huge bay window giving views across the Hudson River. With walls lined with shops and restaurants and regularly the setting for music, dance and theatre events, the Winter Garden became the key meeting place for both the World Financial Centre and World Trade Centre occupants.

With the twin towers now gone, the four much smaller glass and granite towers of the World Financial Centre and the Winter Garden itself, are now visible from Broadway. Mr Pelli said that he hoped the new façade would 'help make the area desirable for other enterprises and businesses and help lead the return of pedestrians' in a place once dominated by monumental structures.
Both Pilkington Architectural and W & W Glass Systems Inc were proud to have been part of the regeneration of the World Trade Centre and World Financial Centre sites and look forward to seeing the whole area completed.

Tel: 01744 692000
Email: mailto:contact@pilkington.com
Web: http://www.pilkington.com


Cost Control and Strategic Acquisitions Highlight Alcoa Third Quarter

On October 4th Alcoa reported earnings for the 2002 third quarter of $216 million, or 26 cents per diluted share, excluding a special after-tax charge of $23 million, or three cents per share, principally related to the previously announced curtailment of production in the company's primary smelting operations. lncluding the special charge, net income was $193 million, or 23 cents per share, compared with net income of $232 million, or 27 cents per share, in the second quarter of 2002.

'Despite lower aluminum prices and idle capacity, our alumina and primary metals businesses performed well. These upstream businesses partially offset continued weakness in the aerospace, industrial gas turbine and telecommunicatians markets. We are looking beyond the challenging global economy, and are focused on managing those things that are in our control,' said Chairman and CEO Alain Belda.

'ln the short term, our restructuring activities and deployment of the Alcoa Business System (ABS) are helping to lessen the impact of continuing weak economic conditions. In the long term, they will position us to capture opportunities and efficiencies as conditions improve.'

The three-month LME price for primary aluminium fell two cents a pound, or 3.5%, from the second quarter of 2002. Compared with the third quarter of 2001, the LME three-month average price declined three cents a pound, or 5.3%.

At the end of the 2002 third quarter, Alcoa had achieved $560 million in annualised cost savings and remains confident it will achieve its $1.0 billion 2003 goal. The run rate at the end of the third quarter was $140 million, compared with $123 million in the prior quarter.

In this quarter, Alcoa continued its strategic growth initiative on several fronts: completed purchase of Ivex Packaging, a specialty packaging company; announced acquisition of Fairchild Fasteners, a high-tech aerospace supplier; and increased its stake in Elkem to 46.2%. Ivex's operations are being integrated and its contribution to Alcoa's margins will begin in the fourth quarter. The company has already achieved $8 million of the anticipated $75 million in annual cost synergies as it integrates Ivex. These savings are in addition to the $1.0 billion 2003 cost savings goal.
Alcoa has approximately 438,000 metric tons (mt) of aluminum production idled on a base capacity of 3,948,000 mtpy.


Glazing Media Luncheon in France 2002

The 10th annual Glazing Media Luncheon in France took place on 30th September this year, so if you were unable to reach your favourite editor that day, you now know the reason why!


 
(Left) Cliff Rankin getting to grips with his (female) guests; Right: Your humble publisher and other scribes.

Organised by glazing industry PR specialists Austen Harlow Flitter and hosted as usual by Mister Glass himself, Clifford Rankin, this year's lunch was also for the first time attended by representatives of the GGF as well as Emap, organisers of Glassex, together with industry special guests Steve and Karen Byers of Ritec International.

Held in the classically styled Grand Salon of the Hotel Meurice in Calais, a recent choice of venue that has proved very popular with media guests, the lunch was a gourmet's delight and thoroughly enjoyed by all.


CGI International goes Coast to Coast in the USA

Supplier of fire resistant glass, CGI International Ltd, based in Merseyside, England, began a Coast to Coast promotion of its Pyroguard range of clear and patterned non-wired fire glasses in September at the Glass Expo West Exhibition in Long Beach, California, USA.

A new purpose-built exhibition stand was used for the first time and showed Pyroguard Clear non- wired glass as well as the new Pyroguard Designer range including Master and Satin.

Gratten Williams, CGII’s Sales Manager for North America commented, 'Pyroguard is unique to the North American market as it is the only 20 minute rated non-wired fire glass that can be stocked and cut locally, solving many of the problems seen previously with shipping across such large geographical areas.

'As Pyroguard is now distributed nationally across the country, it can be supplied from stock to suit the most urgent of requirements.

'Promoting coast to coast is the natural way to do this, as the product is available where and when you need it.'

The programme continues with an exhibition on the East Coast on 1st and 2nd November at the Glass Show being held in Atlantic City, New Jersey.
In addition, Pyroguard and CGII’s comprehensive range of fire glasses can be seen at the Glasstec 2002 Exhibition in Dusseldorf, Germany from 28th October to 1st November 2002.

Tel: + 44 (0) 207 960 6060
Email: mailto:info@cgii.co.uk
Web: http://www.cgii.co.uk


K2 Goes East

K2 Conservatory Roof Systems played host to six Vietnamese businessmen, as part of a Trade Delegation programme organised by the British Embassy based in Vietnam.

The programme was arranged by the Embassy in attempt to determine the feasibility of developing business opportunities within the extrusion industry in Vietnam. Two companies were involved on the programme, for their machinery and knowledge of in-house extrusion, lamination and moulding facilities.

Austrian based, downstream equipment suppliers Technoplast, were the first company to welcome the Vietnamese delegates and take them on a tour of their facilities, then it was across the channel to the North West of England where K2 Conservatory Roof Systems awaited their arrival.

K2 has gained a reputation within the manufacturing industry for its in-house extrusion, lamination and injection moulding expertise, and has recently invested several million with Techniplast on state-of-the-art computer controlled extrusion equipment and tooling.

The visit to K2's manufacturing premises enabled the delegates to experience Techniplast's machinery in operation. K2's production manager, Keith Halliwell, commented: 'It has been an honour for K2 to be involved in such a prestigious programme run by the British Embassy.
'As a company committed to innovation and expertise, it has been a pleasure for us to offer advice on innovative solutions which will add value to the development of business opportunities in the Far East.'
Tel: 01204 554554
Email: enquiry@k2conservatories.com


Alcoa Initiates Tender Offer for 3.5 Million Elkem Shares

Alcoa announced on October 2nd that it has initiated a cash tender offer for 3.5 million shares in Elkem at 175 Norwegian kroner per share. Alcoa, which currently owns 46.3% of Elkem's outstanding shares, will buy the shares on a 'first come, first served' basis. To protect smaller shareholders, Alcoa will also accept all tenders from holders of 1000 shares or less.

'We believe that Elkem is a solid long-term investment, and we would like to be in a position to set the company's future direction,' said Alain Belda, Chairman and CEO of Alcoa.

The tender offer formally opened on October 3, 2002 at 10:00 a.m. and will close on October 15, 2002 at 4:00 p.m. (Oslo time.)
The offer document will be available as follows:
- Distributed to all Elkem shareholders registered in the VPS share registry as of October 2, 2002 by mail.
- On the web-site of ABG Sundal Collier at http://www.abgsc.com; and
- By phone from ABG Sundal Collier at +47 22 01 59 94.

Payment will be settled after the close of the tender offer.

Elkem, through its 50/50 partnership with Alcoa, is the second largest producer of aluminum in Norway. Elkem Aluminium has a primary production capacity of 210,000 metric tons per year. Elkem is also the world's largest supplier of silicon metal.

Alcoa has a nearly 40-year history of operating in Norway through joint ventures with Elkem. Together, Elkem and Alcoa own and operate aluminum plants in Lista and Mosjoen, and have made significant commitments to modernising both facilities. Alcoa also invested NOK 500 million ($56 million) in the state-of-the-art Scandinavian Casting Center in Lista, Norway to produce structural components for cars.


'Slow Recovery' in Building and Construction

BAU 2003, which takes place from 13 to 18 January 2003 at the New Munich Trade Fair Centre, could mark the start of a slow recovery in the European construction sector, 'Next year things look set to trend upwards again, but the rate of expansion will remain flat' - this is the conclusion of the latest industry report (June 2002) by Euroconstruct, a cooperation of European research institutes with special expertise in the construction sector.

Construction Output Set to Rise to Over 990 Billion Euros
The experts expect a 'moderate expansion' in construction activity in Europe in 2004. The construction output in the Euroconstruct partner countries (15 in Western Europe and four in Central and Eastern Europe) should then rise to over 990 billion euros. For 2001, the Euroconstruct scientists identified a figure of 955 billion euros for construction output, which is equivalent to 'stagnation at a high level'. However, the bottom of the cycle 'has now been reached, and we are through to the other side,' says the report of the 53rd Euroconstruct conference which was held in June 2002 in Dublin. While construction output in Euroconstruct countries in 2002 is likely to rise by only 0.5 %, the experts predict 1.5% growth in 2003.

Above-average Growth in Central and Eastern Europe
In the period covered by the report - from 2001 to 2004 - real growth in construction output in Europe is put at 38 billion euros. But activity varies considerably between the19 partner countries. While growth in the four Central and Eastern European states (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovak Republic - which together make up only four percent of construction output in Europe) is 'above-average', the percentage growth in Western Europe is only half that figure. Nevertheless the absolute growth in Western Europe is 35 billion euros, and only three billion euros in the Central and Eastern European countries, despite their faster growth rates.

Heterogeneous Picture in the 'Big 5'
Among the 'Big 5', too, (France, Germany, Great Britain, ltaly and Spain), which account for over 70% of building services in Europe, the picture is very diverse. After a year of mergers and acquisitions (2003), Germany will not make a considerable turnaround until 2004 (+1.7%), while Spain (+4%), Great Britain (+2.8%) and ltaly (+2.2%) are predicted to show clear signs of growth in 2002. However, in these countries the growth curve will flatten out again in 2003 and 2004. Italy, Spain, Great Britain and also France, will still account for the major part of the rise in European construction output in the reporting period, followed by Hungary, Sweden and the Czech Republic.

Slow Recovery in new Residential Construction not until 2004
The Euroconstruct report for the period under review comes to the following conclusion about the different subsectors of the construction industry: 'While renovation and maintenance (R & M) work will continue to expand in all subsectors, and thereby have a stabilising effect on the economic cycle in the industry, there will be considerable shortfalls in new builds, particularly in the field of residential construction.' The biggest subsector in the construction industry is still residential, which accounts for a proportion of 45.5% of total European construction output. Following the almost two percent fall in residential construction output in Europe in 2001, the Euroconstruct experts predict that 'a boom in new residential construction is not in sight' for 2002 and the years thereafter. The reason lies in the serious downturn in the new-build market which has brought in part considerable losses in almost all European countries. Euroconstruct forecasts that it will not be until 2004 that there will be a 'slow recovery' in new residential construction.

Tel: +49 89 9 492 0630
Email: mailto:info@bau-muenchen.de
Web: http://www.bau-muenchen.de


Marketing Rethink at BPF Group

The newly constituted Marketing Committee of the BPF's Windows Group met industry promotional issues head-on when it held its inaugural session in late August.

Building on the Group's recent successes in attracting new members, mounting Group stands at 'Glassex' and 'Interbuild', and developing an industry consensus on waste management, the Group is determined to project its achievements to the windows industry at large.

Committee Chairman, Peter Hayes of Heywood Williams, said that 'a key decision was taken to move forward with a web-site. This will be the home page of the UK plastics windows industry and offers tremendous potential to members in creating a cost effective marketing platform.' Hayes is keen for the Committee to develop new membership benefits for Group members: 'The site will provide a blue chip data base for customers. They will know which companies they can trust for a high quality and reliable service.

'The industry has been dogged by campaigns of misinformation levelled against PVCu materials by competing industries. The web-site will provide customers with a reference 'Bible' of key things they need to know about plastics materials and their use in windows, so that myths can be rapidly dispelled before they take root.'

'The good thing about the creation of a web-site is that it will raise many issues about the scope of the Group, how it involves the different manufacturing and using sectors as well as how it is visually presented. We will be discussing all these matters with the Group's Management Committee when it next meets in October.'

Alongside Peter Hayes, other Members of the Committee are Adam Firbank of Anglian, Chris Edwards of EVC, John Ogilvie of Veka and Paul Jervis of the BPF (see picture above). The Committee is co-ordinated by BPF Media Relations Executive Sarah Kelly.

Contact: Sarah Kelly
Tel: 020 7457 5025
Email: mailto:skelly@bpf.co.uk
Web: http://www.bpf.co.uk


Castle will be King of the High Security Resi Door

Mila Hardware is being used in the construction of a new door aimed at the public sector and housing associations.

Manufactured by Mila customer Castle Doors Ltd, the new residential door was recently launched to acclaim thanks to the glazing method that is used in its construction. Referred to by Castle Doors as the 'pocket glazing' method, 22mm sealed glass is 'slid' into place from the top of the door rather than using the traditional method of cassette glazing. In this way the glass cannot be pushed out, making the door more secure.

The door incorporates a 3 piece Mila 4900 high security lock, Mila Sidewinder adjustable door hinges and special door. Castle Doors Ltd holds a UKAS PAS 024 pass certificate for the door.

The door also has a special foam core that is fire resistant, achieving a 30-minute fire rating during tests conducted at the Warrington Fire Test Centre. In the unfortunate event that the door should be exposed to a naked flame, the company claims that the foam core will not give off noxious fumes. Guaranteed for 10 years, Castle Doors have been tested to PAS 023 standard for weatherability and have also been performance tested for high heat resistance, noise reduction and scratch resistance.

Available in four styles and six different colours, Castle Doors offer a low-maintenance solution, requiring only a wipe-down with a cloth and mild detergent to retain their appearance. The door claims not to fade, abnormally expand, contract or change shape with the weather and has an acrylic capped thermoplastic skin Sleeved letterplates complying with BS2911: 1980 are fitted as standard, whilst 180 viewers and knockers in gold anodised finish may also be fitted.

Castle Doors are supplied made to measure and ready to fit and the company can offershort delivery times to suit project flexibility.

Tel: 01327 872511
Email: mailto:sales@mila.co.uk
Web: http://www.mila.co.uk


Schott Produces 250 Millionth Television Glass Component

On September 25 Schott, European manufacturer of screens and funnels for cathode ray tubes, celebrated a very special event in its manufacturing history. The 250 millionth piece of television glass came off the production line at its main plant in Mainz: it was a large format, fully flat screen measuring 76 centimeters across the diagonal. If all the television glass components manufactured to date were placed end to end they would go around the earth four times.

Television star and television glass
The official celebrations were attended by customers and competitors from all over the world. Together with Schott employees from the television glass sector they welcomed television star Mario Adorf who appeared as a surprise guest. The actor’s international career and the development of television glass at Schott in the last five decades were the subject of a panel discussion chaired by Gundula Gause (ZDF) and also including Schott management board members Dr. Leopold von Heimendahl and Dr. Udo Ungeheuer. 'Television glass is an important business for the Schott Group and, employing 1000 people, also one of the loadbearing pillars of our activities at our main plant in Mainz', said Chairman of the Board of Management Dr. von Heimendahl. On the question of future prospects Dr. Ungeheuer, who is the member of the Schott management board responsible for television glass, explained: 'The classic television tube will continue to expand its position in the market in the long term because of its good price-performance ratio, although new display technologies are attempting to penetrate the television segment.'

Television glass pioneer
Schott’s television glass success story started in 1936. At the Olympic Games in Berlin receivers set up in the television booths for direct transmissions from the games were equipped with mouthblown glass components supplied by the company which was still based in Jena at that time. In this way Schott has ensured itself a firm place in the development story of the medium from the very beginning. In 1953 production of screens and funnels began at the new factory in Mainz, by hand at first and on a fully automated basis from 1955 onwards. With the introduction of colour television in Germany in 1967 glass suitable for colour television was also manufactured. The 80s and 90s were marked by the development of the 16:9 format, bigger and bigger types and flatter screens and funnels. The product range today covers 50 different designs of both screens and funnels. Every day up to 60,000 television glass components come off Schott’s production lines in Mainz and the Czech Republic.

The television tube is a cathode ray tube (or CRT for short), a vacuum-tight glass bulb equipped with electronics. It was originally called a Braun tube after its inventor the German physicist Karl Ferdinand Braun and the term is still used sometimes today in Germany. In the early days of television the glass bulbs were still blown in one piece on a glassmaker’s blowing iron. In the mid 1950s television glass manufacture was automated. Since that time screens and funnels have been machine-pressed and then welded together by the picture tube manufacturer using solder glass.

Tel: + 49 (0) 61 31/66-40 99
Email: mailto:juergen.breier@schott.com
Web: http://www.schottglass.co.uk

 


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